To begin to learn how hearing and balance work a good introduction is an online overview from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. The overview begins:

Hearing is one of the five senses. It is a complex process of picking up sound and attaching meaning to it. The human ear is fully developed at birth and responds to sounds that are very faint as well as sounds that are very loud. Even in utero, infants respond to sound. The ability to hear is critical to the attachment of meaning to the world around us.

The ASHA webpage then explains the functions of the five sections of the hearing mechanism: 1. Outer ear, 2. Middle ear, 3. Inner ear, 4. Acoustic nerve, and 5. Brain’ s auditory processing centers.

Much more about hearing can be learned in the Open University’s Science and Nature materials about Hearing. The illustration with this learn node is from those Open University materials in the section about neural processing of auditory information. To get into even more minute details, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States have an in-depth article on how visual speech speeds up the neural processing of auditory speech. Together these resources, and the links they in turn provide, are a starting learn node for many related hearing subjects.

In this learn node illustration you are seeing structure inside a Monarch butterfly brain. It is from a research article in PLOS Biology on what may underlie sun compass navigation, shown on this page in Figure S10. CRY2 RNA Distribution in Monarch Brain. If the circadian clock mechanism of butterfly brains seems too detailed for what you want to learn or teach now, you could find less specialized material in the latest news on Monarch Butterfly migration and Journey North. Each of these butterfly sources provides links to other good materials about these beautiful insects. So does this Wikipedia Monarch butterfly article, which includes a reference to the video below of a Monarch butterfly emerging from its chrysalis. Within the brain of the emergent baby butterfly is the RNA that science is learning will inform his flight north, guided by the sun. All of these materials are open, free, richly connected nodes in the global learning commons.